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KMID : 0380319760170000261
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Journal of Korean Research Institute for Better Living
1976 Volume.17 No. 0 p.261 ~ p.279
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The Needs of an Assessment of Community Health in Sin Chon District
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Abstract
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The purpose of health care is to promote human physical, emotional and social development through the sound life style, the prevention and treatment of desease, and rehabilitation. In order to meet the needs of human health effectively, delivery of community health care services must be applied to all the people, not only just to selested groups and individuals. Here we have the new role of the professional nurses in community.
The purpose of this study was to determine the present general health status of the citizens of the district served by Ewha Womans University Community Health Nursing Services in Sin Chon area.
It was hoped that this information should contribute to the more accurate assessment of health needs to develop community health nursing services toward the improvement of health care.
Data was collected from a sample of 1,000 families (4629 persons) from April to October, 1975.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. Of the ,1000 families, the average number of members per family was 4.6 persons. Conjugal families living apart from their extended families numbered 83.7% of the total. The average number of children per family was 2.5.
2. The ages of thesample of 4629 persons ranged from 3 months to 99 years old, and the largest distribution fell into the 5∼40 age group. Among the household heads, the largest number fel linto the 40∼59 age group, 44.7%. Of the respondents, 51.0% were male and 49.0% were female. There were many more men named as household heads, 92.1% than women, 7.9%. More respondents (55.7%) were single than married (40.1%), but 89.0% of household heads were married.
3. The educational preparation of the group ranged from elementary school graduates to university graduates. 17.0% of the household heads were elementary school graduates. Some respondents (6.1%) had no formal education. More than half of the respondents had no religious affiliation, 72.2%.
4. The majority of household heads, 82.6% were wmployed. The unemployed household heads accounted for 17.4% of the group. Not a small proportion (40.5%) of households were living in rented accommodation of one to two rooms averaging four phyong (noe phyong is six feet square).
5. Half of the households, 50.6% had used a hosoital or medical clinic for health care. Among those having health care, 42.5% had obtained health care only for the children. Difficult economic circumstances was the cause to limit health care to the children in a family (X^2=45.57>X^2_3(905)=781). Only 4.4% of the households reported that the entire family received health care. Care was limited to the ill person in 3.1% of families. Of those families receiving health care, 53.7% reported that their care was regular. When member of families numbered five or more persons, there was a tendency that they do not receive regular care (X^2=9.60>X^2_2(0.05)).
6. In the 942 families with children five years old and under, almost all (90.7%) had some immunization, but 46.6% had not had the required immunization. Some had none, 5.8%.
7. Of the 2164 reprodnctive age women, 67.3% had neither prenatal nor postnatal health care. The rest, 34.4% conulted a hospital or medical clinic about delivery. More than half (54.5%( had been delivered at home with the assistance of relatives (3.8%), or husbands (1.7%). Not a few, 24.3% had no help at all with deliveries.
8. Accidents had affected 1.4% of the households (65.1% male and 34.9 flmale). Accidentstook place on the street (55.5%), at home (30.2%), at work (11.1%), and at school (3.2%). Those suffering accidents generally recrived emergency treatments at hospitals and medical clinics, 73.0%. A small number (7.9%) were treated with folk remedies. Among respondents, 4.8% had some illness and 0.4% had some deformity.
9. Fewer families, 43.5% had consulted with some agency about family planning. The agencies used were a hospital or medical clinic(28.3%), a health centre (48.0%), a pharmacy (18.0%) and Ewha Community Nursing Services (5.3%). Families with three or more children had the tendency of using the health center, pharmacy and Ewha Community Nursing Services while those with two or fewer children of using the hospital or medical clinic (X^2=59.10>X^2_2(0.05)=5.99). At the time of the survey, 36.0% of the families reported that they used a family planning method. The primarily reported was the oralcontraceptive, 38.6%. Other methods were the IUCD, 19.2% and condoms, 9.7%. Use of a family planning method had been interrupted for 33.0% of experienced families.
10. Among the mothod in the householod sample, 25.0% stated desire for a permanent contraceptive method. Half of these women, 51.2% expressed confidence that they would have a surgical cintraceptive procedure.
Recommendations included the establishment of an economic community midwifery service and a community centered accident prevention programme.
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